Gentel's APiX™ chromogenic platform is an affordable and ultra-sensitive multiplexed protein array system capable of analysis in both high-density (up to thousands of probes per standard slide) and high-throughput (96-well) format. The complete system includes proprietary detection reagents based on gold particle-enhanced silver deposition, optically-clear nitrocellulose-coated slides and 96-well plates, scanner, and analysis software. Gentel's proprietary optically-clear nitrocellulose surface chemistry keeps printed proteins exceptionally stable (shelf life of printed arrays is more than a year). In addition to multiplexing advantages over ELISA, protein and antibody arrays utilizing gold particle-enhanced silver deposition produce up to ten-fold enhancement in sensitivity compared to ELISA and reproducibility that is comparable to that of fluorescence-based arrays.
Gentel also manufactures and sells the PATH® protein microarray slide, the leading microarray slide for fluorescence-based protein and antibody microarray measurements. Gentel can provide its novel protein array content on both the APiX Array chromogenic platform and the PATH Array fluorescence platform:
- Whole Proteome Arrays enable discovery of new autoantibody biomarkers in disease segments as diverse as cancer, infectious disease, allergy, and autoimmune disease. A proprietary two-dimensional liquid fractionation technique enables fabrication of arrays derived from native proteins in cell lines or tissue samples partitioned into up to several thousand discrete fractions on a slide. Printed slides are then probed with patient sera to detect changes in humoral immune response that can be associated with disease or therapeutic outcome. Potential autoantibody biomarkers can be identified from fractions using mass spectrometry or other approaches and validated using antigen arrays or ELISAs.
- Glycan Detection Using Antibody Arrays enables the characterization of glycosylation patterns associated with disease on proteins of interest captured using antibody arrays using glycan-specific probes such as lectins. Because glycosylation plays such an important role in many diseases, glycan detection has the potential to improve sensitivity or specificity for many diagnostic, prognostic, stratification biomarkers. Gentel's GlycoBiomarker Array enables profiling of the glycosylation of 46 cancer-associated serum glycoproteins in a single microplate well. The current menu of lectin-based glycan probes includes analysis using up to eight cancer-associated glycoforms per sample.
- Antibody Arrays are available in several formats using the APiX and PATH protein array technologies. Mid-density antibody arrays from Gentel provide sensitive and reproducible measurements up to as many as twenty-five biomarker proteins at sub-pg/mL concentrations in a variety of biological fluids in 96-well format. Gentel offers an off-the-shelf array for quantitation of human cytokines and has several other arrays in development. Our 17-plex cytokine array achieves excellent sensitivity and reproducibility at an affordable price. A number of new mid- and high-density arrays are in development.
- Protein Arrays enable the study of protein-protein interaction and new drug target pathways as well as the identification and validation of new biomarkers for infectious disease, cancer, and autoimmune disorders. Disease-specific protein arrays on PATH and APiX enable serological assays where sensitive and specific multiplexed measurements of IgG, IgE, or other antibodies in blood are required for biomarker discovery and diagnostics development. Proteins printed on PATH and APIX can remain functional after immobilization and protein arrays using PATH and APiX have been successfully used to profile a wide variety of biochemical interactions, including profiling thousands of interactions in a single slide using the ProtoArray® Human Protein Microarray from Invitrogen (now Life Technologies).
